Bloodied clothes and body bags: Kurds mourn dead in Syria

Martin Chulov reports from north-east Syria on the deadliest day yet of the Turkish offensive

In a wooden hut at the back of a hospital, a woman cradled the head of a dead man and dabbed away grime and blood with a sponge. A blanket covered the man’s mutilated lower half. His blood-soaked military fatigues were still wrapped around his chest.

On a table behind, another body lay zipped into a large blue bag – a young woman this time, also dressed in green and wearing the patches of Kurdish forces. The medical worker straightened her head and gently swept the dead woman’s hair from her face. “We have five martyrs now,” she said, pointing across the makeshift morgue. “Three military and two civilians. The fighters were trying to rescue the others.”

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What does Turkey’s military action in northern Syria mean? – video explainer

Turkey has pressed ahead with its assault on US-allied Kurdish forces in northern Syria, forcing thousands of civilians to flee airstrikes and shelling. The military action has deepened fears of a humanitarian and political crisis, as the Guardian’s Middle East correspondent, Bethan McKernan, explains

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‘Betrayal leaves a bitter taste’: spurned Kurds flee Turkish onslaught

As they seek safety away from Turkish shells, Syrian Kurds burn with anger at Donald Trump’s betrayal

Waiting at a roadside depot, Hussein Rammo, a stooped elderly Kurd, his eyes wet with tears, had the look of a broken man. “Betrayal leaves the bitterest taste,” he said, his voice at a whisper as he discussed Donald Trump’s decision to abandon Syria’s Kurds.

“I am 63 years old and I have never seen anything like this. Before there was regime oppression and now we are getting betrayal. This is worse.”

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‘Now the war is coming to us’: Turkish towns in range of Kurdish shells

Border residents feel the impact as fighting between Turkish and Kurdish forces escalates

On Wednesday, children in the Turkish town of Akçakale were happy to get a day off from school in honour of the launch of Operation Peace Spring aimed at Kurdish forces over the nearby border with Syria. They ran around the streets singing army songs and waving Turkish flags. “Get out of our way,” tabloid headlines read.

By Thursday the mood had changed drastically. Akçakale’s streets were dark with smoke from mortar and rocket fire after the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) launched a ferocious counter-attack from Tal Abyad, just over the border.

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Turkish president threatens to send 3.6m refugees to Europe

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan warns he will ‘open the gates’ if Syria assault is called an ‘occupation’

The Turkish president has threatened to “open the gates” for Syrian refugees in his country to migrate to Europe if the continent’s leaders label Turkey’s military campaign in north-eastern Syria an “occupation”.

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan warned European Union states he would “open the gates and send 3.6 million refugees your way” during a combative speech at a meeting of lawmakers from his Justice and Development (AK) party on Thursday afternoon.

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Erdoğan warns EU against calling Syria operation an ‘invasion’ – video

'We will open our borders and send 3.6 million refugees your way,' said the Turkish president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, in a stark warning to European countries if they criticise  Turkey's military action in northern Syria.

Turkish troops advanced into north-eastern Syria following airstrikes  aimed at Kurdish-led forces in the region

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Syria: Erdoğan’s eyes more likely to be on Putin than Trump

Russia and Iran have troops in Syria and will see opportunities amid chaos of US impulsiveness

Donald Trump’s decision to give the green light – now seemingly turning amber – for Turkey to enter northern Syria has produced a torrent of criticism from European capitals to Washington Republicans, all pointing out that Ankara’s move will revive Islamic State, cause untold civilian deaths and land the US with an indelible reputation across the Middle East as an unreliable ally.

But the west has been losing traction in Syria over the past two years, and it may be the reaction of Russia and Iran, who have forces on the ground in Syria, that will most concern the Turkish president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. Their reaction may also reveal more about the long-term future of Syria’s eight-year civil war.

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Tens of thousands of civilians flee Turkish offensive in Syria

Aid workers also join exodus amid warnings that campaign against Kurdish forces will put hundreds of thousands of lives at risk

Tens of thousands of civilians have taken flight in an effort to escape fighting after Turkish troops began a military operation against Kurdish fighters in northern Syria, the UN refugee agency has said.

According to the UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, more than 60,000 people have fled their homes since Wednesday.

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Donald Trump says Kurds ‘didn’t help us with Normandy’ – video

US president Donald Trump defends his decision to withdraw support for Kurdish allies in Syria by saying they did not help the US during the second world war, citing Normandy as an example. Kurdish forces did fight alongside the US against Isis for nearly five years before Trump's call to remove US troops from the region


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Turkish troops advance into Syria as Trump washes his hands of the Kurds

  • Civilians flee as airstrikes and artillery hit border region
  • Trump on Kurds: ‘They didn’t help us in Normandy’

Turkish troops have advanced into north-eastern Syria, following airstrikes and artillery barrages aimed at US-backed Kurdish forces who control the region.

The Turkish military confirmed on Wednesday it had “launched the land operation into the east of the Euphrates river” and later said it had hit 181 “militant targets”.

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Explosions hit Syrian town of Ras al-Ayn on Turkish border – video

There were signs of panic in Ras al-Ayn on Wednesday after Turkish forces launched an offensive into northern Syria. The move was triggered by Donald Trump's announcement that US troops would withdraw from the area, where thousands of captured Isis fighters and their families are held by Kurdish forces

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What is the situation in north-eastern Syria?

Turkey has begun an offensive in an area controlled by the Kurdish-led SDF

The region makes up more than a quarter of the entire country and is the largest area outside of the control of the Syrian president, Bashar al-Assad, and his allies. Until Turkey launched its latest offensive there on 9 October, it was controlled by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), which comprises militia groups representing a range of ethnicities, though its backbone is Kurdish. The Kurds are an ethnic group of about 30 million people spread across the Middle East who have been fighting for their own state for more than a century.

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Erdoğan’s Syrian incursion could be his biggest gamble yet

Turkey’s president faces some difficult choices after being given green light by the US

For Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, it’s a case of be careful what you wish for. By most accounts, Turkey’s president bamboozled Donald Trump into giving a green light for an invasion of north-east Syria.

Yet now, having got what he wanted, Erdoğan faces some difficult choices. How far to go? Who is the enemy? And how long can such a big operation be sustained? It may be the biggest gamble yet by a politician known for taking risks.

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US ending support for Kurds in Syria will lead to genocide, says protester – video

Protesters gathered outside the White House in Washington to demand Donald Trump reverse his decision to withdraw US troops from north-eastern Syria, warning that Kurds would be targeted in a Turkish offensive. The Turkish government claimed the US president had handed it the lead on the military campaign against Isis, and said its forces would be crossing into Syria 'shortly'

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Trump has handed over Isis fight in Syria, Turkey says, as offensive looms

Ankara says military will cross border ‘shortly’, and claims US president gave green light, contradicting US denials

The Turkish government claimed that Donald Trump has handed it the leadership of the military campaign against Isis, and warned its forces would be crossing into Syria “shortly”.

Kurdish military leaders inside Syria said they were braced for the invasion and claimed there had been an Isis attack on its former stronghold of Raqqa. But reports from the city suggested the attack had been small scale.

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Donald Trump isolated as Republican allies revolt over US withdrawal from Syria

Lindsey Graham and Mitch McConnell lead condemnation of foreign policy move that could prove ‘disaster in the making’

Donald Trump was dangerously isolated on Monday as, in a rare rebuke, some of his most loyal allies revolted against his decision to withdraw US troops from north-eastern Syria.

Related: US withdrawal from Syria leaves fate of Isis fighters and families in detention uncertain

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Trump threatens to ‘decimate’ Turkey’s economy if it injures US troops – video

Donald Trump warned Turkey that there would be ‘big trouble’ if American troops in Syria are injured, as Turkish forces push into Kurdish lands across north-eastern Syria. On Monday the White House gave the green light to a Turkish offensive into Syria, moving US forces out of the area in an abrupt foreign policy change that will in effect abandon the Kurds, Washington’s longtime military partner

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Trump’s shock Syria retreat reverberates as Turkish troops mass

Officials scramble to understand implications of US move as Kurds face prospect of invasion alone

Kurdish forces in Syria have said the fate of tens of thousands of suspected Islamic State fighters and their families is uncertain, after US forces began a sudden withdrawal from the Turkish-Syrian border, leaving their Kurdish allies to face the prospect of a Turkish invasion alone.

The effects of the shock retreat reverberated through the region on Monday as Turkish forces massed near the border with the Kurdish stronghold of north-eastern Syria.

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‘There will be chaos once again’: Kurds respond to Trump’s Syria decision

Kurdish-held territories of north-eastern Syria prepare for assault by Turkish forces – and insist they will resist

Across the Kurdish-held territories of north-eastern Syria, people are steeling themselves for a long-threatened assault by Turkish forces – which now seems imminent after Donald Trump withdrew US forces from the area.

The Kurds took advantage of the chaos which has reigned in Syria since 2011, fighting off the Damascus regime to build their own autonomous statelet, known as Rojava.

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Latest betrayal of Kurds risks undermining defeat of Isis

It is unclear whether Turkey has the will or capacity to take over detention camps

In early 2015, as Islamic State trampled over armies of the Middle East and menaced the west, the US turned to the Kurds for help. It was a familiar call, having been repeated over the decades whenever Washington needed a friend in the region. The outcome has been similar too.

Four years on, the people who helped safeguard the global order have been abandoned by the US on the eve of a Turkish push into Kurdish lands across north-eastern Syria. Betrayal has been an enduring theme whenever the US and the Kurds have partnered, but never before as nakedly as this.

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